Umshini Wokwakha

Izinto zokwakha ibhethri imishini ekhethekile esetshenziselwa ukushaja kokuqala kanye nemijikelezo yokukhipha kuseli yebhethri esanda kuhlanganiswa-inqubo ebalulekile "eletha ukuphila kwebhethri." Lesi sixhobo sisebenzisa amaphrofayili amanje kanye ne-voltage alawulwa ngokunembile ukuze enze i-electrochemistry yeseli, yakhe ungqimba olubalulekile lwe-Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) ku-anode, futhi ikale umthamo wayo wangempela nokumelana kwawo kwangaphakathi. Isistimu yokwakheka evamile iqukethe-ukunikezwa kwamandla okunemba okuphezulu, amamojula okulawula amashaneli (ngokuvamile ngamakhulu noma izinkulungwane zamaseli ngesikhathi esisodwa), kanye neplathifomu yesofthiwe emaphakathi yokuqapha nokurekhoda amapharamitha abalulekile afana nogesi, izinga lokushisa, namandla ngesikhathi sangempela. Izinto zesimanje zokwakha ziya ngokuya zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bamandla avuselelekayo ukuze zibuyisele futhi zisebenzise amandla okukhipha kabusha, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kufika ku-90%, futhi kuhlanganisa ukuhlaziya okuqhutshwa yi-AI{6}}ukuze kuthuthukiswe isikhathi sokwakheka, ukuhlonza amaphutha kusenesikhathi, nokuqinisekisa{7}}ukuthembeka kwebhethri yesikhathi eside. Ngenxa yalokho, ukwakheka akusona nje isinyathelo eside nesinamandla kakhulu-ekukhiqizweni kwebhethri{10}}okuvame ukuthatha amahora angaphezu kwangu-20{12}kodwa futhi kuyisigaba esinqumayo sokunquma ikhwalithi yokugcina, ukuphepha, nempilo yomjikelezo webhethri.

Inqubo yokwakheka iyisinyathelo esisodwa esibaluleke kakhulu ekwenziweni kwebhethri ngoba inquma ukusebenza{0}}kwesikhathi eside kwebhethri, ukuphepha, nempilo yomjikelezo. Ngesikhathi sokwakheka, ibhethri lishajwa ngokunembile futhi liphume, okwenza kusebenze isistimu ye-electrochemical futhi-okubaluleke kakhulu-yakha ifilimu ye-Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) endaweni ye-anode. Lesi sendlalelo se-nanometer- sizacile sibalulekile ngoba sivumela ama-ion e-lithium ukuthi adlule ngenkathi ivimba ama-electron, ivimbela ukusabela okuseceleni okuqhubekayo phakathi kwe-anode ne-electrolyte. Ifilimu ye-SEI{7}eyakheke kahle ihumusha ngokuqondile ekusebenzeni kahle okuphezulu kwe-coulombic, ukuzikhulula{8}}okuphansi, nempilo yomjikelezo eyandisiwe, kanti i-SEI engakhiwe kahle iholela ekufiphaleni komthamo okusheshayo kanye nokwehluleka kwebhethri ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ngale kokwakheka kwe-SEI, le nqubo iphinda ilinganise umthamo wangempela webhethri nokumelana kwangaphakathi, okuvumela abakhiqizi ukuthi balinganise amaseli ngokufana{10}}imfuneko ebalulekile yokuhlanganisa iphakethe lebhethri.

Kunomshini wokwakheka ohlukile wamaseli angama-cylindrical, amaseli e-prismatic namaseli esikhwama

Inqubo yokwakheka ithuthukisa ukusebenza kwebhethri ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ezinquma ngokuhlangene ikhwalithi nokuphila isikhathi eside kweseli. Okokuqala nokubaluleke kakhulu, ukwakheka kudala ifilimu ezinzile ye-Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) endaweni ye-anode ngesikhathi sokushaja kokuqala. Lesi sendlalelo esivikelayo, ngokuvamile esingu-20-siwugqinsi wama-nanometer angu-50, siyakwazi ukungena kalula-sivumela ama-ion e-lithium ukuthi adlule ngenkathi ivimba ama-electron futhi ivimbela ukuthintana okuqondile phakathi kwe-anode ne-electrolyte. Ifilimu{6}eyakheke kahle ye-SEI yehlisa ngokuphawulekayo ukulahleka kwamandla okungenakulungiseka, inciphisa ukuzikhipha{12}, futhi icindezela ukusabela okuseceleni okuqhubekayo obekungehlisa isithunzi sebhethri ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Okwesibili, imijikelezo elawulwa ngokunembile yokushaja/yokukhipha phakathi nokwakheka isiza ukuzinzisa ukwakheka kwekristalu ye-electrode futhi ikhulule izingcindezi zangaphakathi ezethulwa ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza (isb, ukusuka ku-calendering noma ukusonga), okuthuthukisa ubuqotho bemishini futhi kunciphise ingozi yokuqhekeka kwe-electrode ngesikhathi sokuhamba ngebhayisikili. Okwesithathu, ukwakheka kwenza ukumanzisa kwe-electrolyte kuqede, kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-electrolyte ewuketshezi ingena ngokugcwele kuzo zonke izimbotshana zama-electrode nesihlukanisi, okuthuthukisa ukuguquguquka kwe-ionic futhi kunciphisa ukumelana kwangaphakathi. Okwesine, le nqubo isebenza-njengethuluzi lokuhlola ikhwalithi ye-situ: ngokuqapha amandla kagesi, izinga lokushisa, namaphrofayela amanje{14}}ngesikhathi sangempela, abakhiqizi bangakwazi ukubona{15}}okufushane, ukungcola, noma amaphutha amancane kusenesikhathi{18}}asuse amaseli anamaphutha ngaphambi kokuthi afike emakethe. Okokugcina, ukwakheka kusungula umthamo wesisekelo webhethri nokumelana kwangaphakathi, okuvumela ukugreda kweseli okunembile okuqinisekisa ukusebenza okufanayo lapho amaseli ehlanganiswa abe amaphakethe ebhethri. Empeleni, ukwakheka kuguqula ukuhlanganisa okusebenzayo ngamakhemikhali kodwa okungazinzile kube idivayisi yokugcina amandla ethembekile, esebenza kahle kakhulu enokuziphatha okungaguquki, impilo yomjikelezo omude, nezici zokuphepha eziqinile.

Yebo